Document Type : Narrative Review
Authors
1
College of Biomedical Sciences, Larkin University, Miami, Florida, USA
2
Faculty of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran Nanobiotechnology Department, Faculty of Innovative Science and Technology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
3
Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran Nanobiotechnology Department, Faculty of Innovative Science and Technology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
10.22034/nmbj.2023.417924.1029
Abstract
Numerous therapeutic benefits have been associated with polyphenolic compounds possessing multiple hydroxyl functional groups. In the realm of traditional medicine, curcuminoids extracted from the rhizomes of the turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn) plant, specifically curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin, have been recognized for their potential in addressing a wide range of health issues. These issues encompass injuries, infections, stress, cancer, skin ailments, and neurological disorders. Of particular interest, demethoxycurcumin has demonstrated a remarkable safety profile even at high doses. It has exhibited promising therapeutic properties, including its potential as an antitumor agent and its effectiveness in combating microbial infections. In the case of its antibacterial mechanism, demethoxycurcumin has been found to disrupt the transpeptidase, thus impeding the synthesis of glycopeptides in the bacterial cell wall. Demethoxycurcumin, akin to its curcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin counterparts, can modulate cell proliferation and inflammatory signaling pathways. However, it is essential to acknowledge that specific clinical challenges are associated with unveiling the full scope of its therapeutic activities and optimizing its formulation on a micro and nanoscale. These challenges and potential solutions are further explored in this concise review.
Graphical Abstract
Highlights
- Demethoxycurcumin compound activates JNK1/2 and p38 MAPK in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
- Demethoxycurcumin blocked the proliferation of T98G glioblastoma, A549 human lung cancer, and HT29 colon cancer cell lines.
- This metabolite induces DNA damage and, activates p-H2A.X and phosphorylated p53 in NCI-H460 cells.
- Demethoxycurcumin hinders the transpeptidase to block the synthesis of glycopeptides in the bacterial cell wall.
- Nano-formulations, such as lipid nanoparticles and nanopolymers can be employed to augment the bioavailability and therapeutic activity of demethoxycurcumin.
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